How to use this list (and actually remember it)
Think in chunks, not single words. Say each phrase out loud two or three times; then swap a word to create a new line. For example, turn Mag ik … ? (“May I…?”) into a dozen new sentences: Mag ik koffie? Mag ik pinnen? Mag ik hier zitten? Repetition + small variation = speed and confidence.
Below, each group gives you high-frequency phrases with natural English glosses. Read, shadow, and reuse. If you’re brand new to Dutch, start with greetings, then jump to food and transport—the fastest wins for travelers.
Tip: Save this page to your phone and shadow the mini-dialogues on the train. Your ear adapts quickly when you imitate rhythm and stress.
Pronunciation quick guide (A1 version)
- g often sounds guttural (like German Bach): goed /ɣut/ [approx].
- ui is a rounded diphthong: huis “house” ≈ [hœys].
- ij / ei sound like English “ay” (not exactly): tijd (time).
- sch before a vowel ≈ “s” + guttural “ch”: school.
- Final de/te can soften in fast speech: wordt may sound like [wort].
Regional note: In Belgium (Flanders), the “g” is softer; you’ll also hear merci alongside bedankt.
Greetings & polite basics
Je/jij vs u: Use u for formality (older people, official contexts). Most cafés/shops are fine with je.
Small talk & social
For quick rapport, mirror someone’s word choice. If they say Hoi, reply with Hoi (not Hallo). It feels natural.
Directions & transport
Pin means paying by debit/credit card. You’ll see “Pinnen ja graag” signs—cards welcome!
Food, cafés & restaurants
In the Netherlands, tipping is optional but appreciated for table service (round up or add 5–10%). In Belgium, service is often included.
Shopping & money
Many small shops prefer cards; some are card-only. Contactloos = contactless.
Time, numbers & appointments
The “half” system is different: half drie = 2:30, half vier = 3:30, etc.
Health & emergencies
For non-urgent care, ask for a huisarts (GP). Pharmacies can advise on minor issues and over-the-counter meds.
Work, study & admin
Phones, email & tech support
Weather & quick chit-chat
Mini-dialogues you can shadow
Shadow each pair three times. Then replace one word and repeat.
— Hoi! Wat wil je drinken?
— Een cappuccino, graag. Mag ik ook wat water?
— Natuurlijk. Wil je suiker?
— Nee, bedankt.
— Gaat deze trein naar Leiden?
— Ja, overstappen in Haarlem.
— Dank u wel! Hoe laat vertrekt hij?
— Over tien minuten.
— Heeft u deze jas in maat M?
— Ik zal even kijken. Ja, hier is hij.
— Perfect, ik neem hem. Kan ik met pin betalen?
— Zeker.
Practice & micro-drills
Turn one pattern into 10 lines. Try these:
- Mag ik … ? — Mag ik zitten? Mag ik betalen? Mag ik deze passen?
- Waar is … ? — Waar is de halte? Waar is de wc? Waar is de apotheek?
- Ik heb … nodig. — Ik heb hulp nodig. Ik heb een afspraak nodig. Ik heb informatie nodig.
Quick check
Translate to Dutch: “Where is the pharmacy?”, “I’d like the bill, please.”, “Can I pay by card?”
Show answers
Waar is de apotheek? • Ik wil graag de rekening, alstublieft. • Kan ik met pin betalen?
Swap drill
Turn Het is koud vandaag into 5 new lines by swapping one word: warm, droog, druk (busy), rustig (quiet), leuk (fun).
FAQ
What are the most useful basic Dutch greetings?
Hallo, Hoi, Goedemorgen, Goedemiddag, Goedenavond, Dag, Doei, Tot ziens, Hoe gaat het?, Goed, dank je.
How do you pronounce “g” in Dutch?
Guttural in most of the Netherlands; softer in Flanders. Practice with goed, genoeg, gelijk.
Should I learn jij/je or u first?
Learn both; default to polite u when unsure. Switch if invited: “Zeg maar je.”
How do I get fluent with phrases quickly?
Shadow dialogues, recycle frames, and do 2–3 micro-drills daily. Keep a 20-phrase “always list” on your phone.